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An individual’s risk of infection depends on many factors including the concentration of M. tuberculosis in the air, the duration of exposure to the infected air, the bacillary load or infectiousness of the TB patient, the ventilation of the space where exposure occurred and an individual’s susceptibility to the infection.
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Not everyone who is exposed to an infectious TB patient becomes infected with M.tuberculosis and TB infection does not always lead to TB disease.
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The majority of people infected with M. tuberculosis (about 90%) never develop TB disease (provided their immunity is not compromised by HIV infection or other conditions).
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A person infected with both HIV and TB has a10 % average yearly risk of developing TB disease.
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