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  • Children can present with TB at any age, but the most common ages are between 0–4; however there is also a sharp rise in incidence after the age of 10 and during adolescence.

  • The risk of TB is increased in children when there is an active infectious TB case in the same house or when the child is malnourished, HIV infected, or has had measles in the past few months.

  • Consider TB in any child with a history of:
    • Unexplained weight loss or failure to grow normally
    • Unexplained fever, especially when it continues for more than two weeks
    • Chronic cough
    • Exposure to an adult with probable or definite pulmonary infectious TB

  • Follow the recommendations in Module 4 or refer to a specialist.
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