Numerous studies have documented the potentially high dropout rates during the diagnostic process for TB in different settings. (Ref)

Testing one sputum sample with Xpert MTB/RIF will allow easier collection and testing and prevent patient loss to follow-up.

Providing results back to the patient and the ability to begin treatment the same day (if needed) may assist with preventing pre-treatment loss to follow-up, which occurs when patient have positive test results but do not return for them or never begin treatment.