Given the urgency for rapid diagnosis, Xpert MTB/RIF should be used in preference to microscopy and culture as the initial test for cerebrospinal fluid specimens from patients suspected of having TB meningitis.
Xpert MTB/RIF may be used as a replacement test for usual practice (including conventional microscopy, culture or histopathology) for testing specific nonrespiratory specimens (lymph nodes and other tissues) from patients suspected of having extrapulmonary TB.
Pleural fluid is not a suitable specimen for the microbiological diagnosis of pleural TB and a pleural biopsy is preferred.