• The source of infection of most children is an infectious adult in their household.


• When children present with active TB disease, their family members and other close contacts should be investigated for TB to find the source of the disease and treat them as necessary.


• The person with TB should be asked to bring in for assessment all contacts age 5 and older with cough, and all children less than 5 years of age living in the household regardless of symptoms.


• In some areas health workers are expected to visit the home to assess all children less than 5 years of age.

Examining all chlidren and PLWHIV who are household contacts of TB patients is critical as they are at high risk for developing TB disease.